Chemokine Receptors Book (Faculty180)

cited authors

  • Raman, Dayanidhi; Howard, Cory M.; Tilley, Augustus M.C.; Sridharan, Sangita

description

  • Chemokines, or chemotactic cytokines, are a large family of soluble, secreted, small biomolecules that bind to and activate their cognate chemokine G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). Once activated, chemokine receptors elicit a cellular response to the chemokine gradient. This allows the cell to directionally migrate in a precise, spatiotemporal context called chemotaxis. This ultimately results in local or tissue-specific recruitment of a variety of cells. Once the cells have been mobilized to their appropriate location, they facilitate a wide range of physiological events such as embryogenesis, wound healing, angiogenesis, leukocyte homeostasis, and immune surveillance. Chemokine receptors are also implicated in several diseases. In certain contexts, these receptors will orchestrate and facilitate pathological events resulting in several chronic inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, neurological diseases (e.g., multiple sclerosis), and cancer (solid tumors and hematological malignancies). A hallmark feature of chemokine receptors in the field of cancer biology is to promote the metastasis of tumor cells to distant sites of the body. Targeting chemokines and chemokine receptors in the pathological setting may achieve control over such diseases. In this article, we will focus on physiological and pathological roles of key CXC chemokine receptors such as CXCR1, CXCR2, CXCR4, and ACKR3 (CXCR7)

publication date

  • 2021